Our good buddy Ray Beimel in Pennsylvania sends this:
21 Days with the Marines
In the summer of
1970 I was a Midshipman 2nd Class in the Penn State Navy
ROTC unit. Our summer training was in two parts. First we went to
Little Creek Naval Amphibious Base for three weeks of training in
amphibious warfare conducted by the Marines. Then we went to Corpus
Christi Naval Air Station for three weeks of aviation training. That
part was dealt with in a previous story. This one is about my time
with the Marines.
I took the 12
hour bus ride to Norfolk and somehow ended up at the Little Creek
Naval Amphibious Base. I have no memory of getting to the base from
the bus station. I imagine there were shuttle buses. After checking
in, I was assigned to Alpha Company. We were arranged in alphabetical
order so this company was guys with last names starting with A, B,
and C. We were housed in barracks that had been built in World War 2,
reputedly to house Italian prisoners of war. We had bunk beds and a
wall locker. We started off looking like sailors, wearing dungarees
and chambray shirts with the Dixie cup hat adorned with the blue
stripe that marked us as officer candidates. It was commonly called
the VD stripe since real sailors would tell the hookers in seaport
cities that the guys with the blue striped hats had venereal
diseases.
The Marines in
charge of Alpha Company were Major White and Gunnery Sergeant
Morningstar. Gunny said he was a “Semihole” Indian but the truth
of the matter was that his family name was Morganstern, German for
Morningstar. Morningstar was a good man who knew how to take care of
his men and get the job done. Major White was not.
I no longer
remember the exact order of events so this will be episodic. Shortly
after everyone arrived, jobs were assigned. I was the Mustering Petty
Officer which meant I took roll call in the morning. I had a little
notebook that I wrote all the names in and then carried it with me
all the time. It was an easy gig that involved five minutes of work
in the morning. At this remove I can’t recall who the Company
Commander was or any of the other billets.
The
first thing done was to march us to the supply building where we were
issued three sets of battle dress utilities or BDU’s. Marines never
refer to them as fatigues. The saying was something to the effect of
“the Army wears fatigues because they get tired. Marines don’t.”
Of course they had been worn by many people over the years. I don’t
know how we got the right sizes but mine did fit for the most part. I
was issued a cap that was frayed. Someone in authority gave me
trouble about that to which I replied “issued to me, sir!” End of
trouble. We also were issued an ammunition belt, shoulder straps,
backpack, canteen, steel helmet, and M1 rifle. For the rest of our
time there, we were dressed like Marines.
The
M1’s were working models and we had to learn how to field strip and
clean them. Alpha Company was lucky in that among our members was Ali
Arab of the Iranian Navy. He had been a soldier in the Iranian Army
and was familiar with the M1. He taught us what to do ahead of the
formal instructors who were baffled when they discovered that
“ignorant” midshipmen already knew what to do. I think they
regretted losing an opportunity to yell at us. Yelling at the
midshipmen seemed to be the reigning hobby for most of the Marines we
encountered. I hasten to add that Gunny Morningstar was not among
those. He was one of the very few who was interested in teaching us
something useful.
The
mess hall was not too far away but it was hardly worth the trip. The
food was not good. It was adequate in quantity but not all that
appealing. The tables were of a very old style with the hard circular
seats permanently attached. Still, being young men, we ate everything
they served us even as we complained. The hot food was lukewarm, the
cold food was lukewarm. If it was usually crispy, there it was soggy.
If it was usually soft and chewy, there it was crispy. I cannot
remember one good thing about the food except that it was there at
every meal time.
Major
White was a runner and thus we became runners as well. Every morning
we got up and ran. Most of the other companies ran three miles. We
ran five. We ran in combat boots and often enough ran on sand.
Inevitably many of us ended up with painful shin splints. There was a
day or two when White was away and our morning run was three miles.
That felt good by comparison.
Every day we went
to some kind of training exercise that had to do with amphibious
warfare. A few wonderful days were in air conditioned classrooms
watching movies and listening to lectures. But mostly it was outdoor
stuff.
There are a lot
of ways to invade the land from the sea. We did all of them. One day
we were told to carry swimming trunks with us. We marched down to the
boat basin where we were issued kapok life jackets, the big ones that
were designed to keep you afloat on your back with your head out of
the water. The midshipmen were loaded into LCVPs, Landing Craft
Vehicle Personnel. These were the same kind of landing craft that put
the GIs ashore in Saving Private Ryan. They hauled us out into
Chesapeake Bay perhaps a half mile, stopped the boat, and told us to
jump in and swim to shore. This would have been easy except that they
said “no backstrokes.” The life jacket wanted you to be on your
back so it was hard to swim. I managed a usable side stroke and got
to shore without too much trouble.
Another day we
turned out in swim trunks again. This time we learned to invade by
rubber boat. Seven men were in each boat. There was a proper way to
launch a boat. Three men were on each side. The first two were
“Ones,” the middle two were “Twos” and the farthest aft two
were “Threes.” The odd man was the coxswain. We held onto the
side ropes while carrying our paddles in our free hand. Running into
the water, as soon as the boat was floating, Ones jumped in and
yelled “Ones in.” Then “Twos in” and “Threes in.” Finally
“Cox in” at which point we snickered like Beavis and Butthead and
said “he said cox.”
We paddled out
into the bay so far and then turned around and paddled ashore,
reversing the procedure and laughing again when “Cox out” was
heard. I think we did that evolution a number of times until the
instructors were satisfied. In this case, we were taught by petty
officers from the Navy’s Underwater Demolition teams. This was fun.
Sailors generally treated us much better than Marines did.
Another fun day
was watching the demolition people showing off their explosives. They
blew stuff up with big charges and little ones. They showed us that
they could blow one leg off a chair without disturbing the others.
The only bad thing about that was we didn’t get to actually blow
anything up by ourselves. We decided that C4 plastic explosive was
just about the neatest thing ever invented and we really wished we
could have some to play with. And we would not have minded getting to
play with primacord. But the explosives guys had enough sense to not
allow us anywhere near that stuff.
One of the harder
days was spent down on the beach doing what was called small squad
tactics. Some gruff voiced Marine told us the Corps had only two
tactics, the frontal assault, and the single envelopment. We got the
impression that this Marine thought single envelopment was for
pussies. Somehow I ended up being the squad leader. You could tell
that I was the squad leader because I had a piece of masking tape on
the back of my helmet. First we learned how to move up on an
objective by a few of us moving and then dropping down to provide
covering fire while others moved up. They taught us to dive forward
on the sand, planting the butt of our rifle, breaking our fall with
that and then rolling over and assuming the prone firing position. We
were not issued blank ammunition so we were told to yell Bang! Bang!
to simulate firing. In each squad one member was the grenadier armed
with a single shot M79 grenade launcher. While the rest of us were
going bang bang, our grenadier was imitating the sound of the
launcher by yelling something like “blook!” A Marine came up and
started yelling at him and asking what the hell he was doing. Our
grenadier said he was launching 40mm high explosive grenades. The
Marine said “are you shooting them out your ass?” But really,
blook was a closer imitation of the sound of a real grenade launcher.
So we ran across
the beach yelling bang bang and diving into the sand while Marines in
a machine gun nest fired blanks at us. I suspect the whole exercise
had a lot more to do with entertaining the Marines than it did with
teaching us anything. Of course, the correct course of action was
neither the frontal assault nor the single envelopment. The right
thing to do is what wise Marines have always done when close to the
ocean. Get on the radio and give the coordinates to the nearest
cruiser or destroyer’s fire control officer. Wait a couple of
minutes for destruction to rain down and then continue the advance.
During a break some midshipman asked the Marines why that wasn’t
done. He got yelled at. That was me.
Our next training
event would be at Fort AP Hill. But before we could go there, we had
to impregnate one set of BDU’s with a tick repellent solution. We
were issued a can of concentrate, a galvanized garbage can, and a mop
wringer. We mixed the solution in the trash can, immersed our
utilities, squeezed them with the wringer and hung them up to dry.
When dry, they were stiff and smelled bad. We were ordered to put
them on, and bring nothing else but our belts, canteens, and ponchos.
We were piled into old Norfolk city buses and taken to the fort for
an abbreviated version of the Navy’s SERE training. SERE stood for
Search Evasion Rescue Escape. We had been briefed about this by
upperclassmen while still at Penn State so I was a little bit better
prepared than most. I had some candy bars and a penlight stashed in
my BDU pockets. I knew we wouldn’t get much sleep so once on the
bus, I stretched out on the floor using my poncho as a pillow, and
slept the whole way.
Once there we
were formed into ten person elements. We had a piece of colored cloth
pinned to our uniforms. I was in the Brown element. We were given a
military compass and a topographic map. It was getting near dusk. We
had to hike through a forest to a point on the map where the safe
zone was. The instructors wore gray work clothes with red stars on
their caps and spoke in faux eastern European accents. They were not
allowed to hit us so ten pushups was the equivalent of getting
smacked by a rifle butt. We were turned loose and headed for the safe
zone. Being an old Troop 99 Boy Scout, the navigation was easy. But
along the way, we got stopped by the bad guys. They gave us a hard
time, made us take our boots off and throw them away, gave us several
rifle butts, and then turned us loose again. Luckily some guy in our
element had a penlight and we found our boots right away. We got
close to the safe point but we heard noises so we went to ground,
heads down so we couldn’t be seen. Another element walked right
over us and got captured. We lay quiet while they got abused. When
the coast was clear we hiked into the safe zone. It was marked by a
gray Navy ambulance. The instructors told us what our next objective
was. I took the map over to the ambulance and by the illumination of
the tail light, I came up with a plan to avoid getting captured
again.
I explained my
idea to the other guys and they all were for it. Once we were sent on
our way, we walked directly away from the objective and disappeared.
When the ambulance and instructors left the area, we got on a road
that led to a gate that was locked. We scrambled over the fence and
found ourselves on the side of US Route 305. It was full dark now and
traffic was light. We got into the median strip and jogged. The bad
guys were driving old Jeeps with the 75 horsepower four bangers that
made a very distinctive noise. We ignored the rest of the traffic but
when we heard that sound, we went to ground. Once we were as close as
we could get to the safe spot, we climbed over the fence and back
onto the fort proper. We found a big laurel thicket and crawled
under. We slept for three hours and then headed for the safe spot. So
what did we get for successfully escaping and evading? We were taken
to the prisoner of war camp like everyone else. We did get some slack
time because one of the elements got lost in the swamp. We laughed
because they were led by a big Marine Option mid from Villanova. They
finally were found and then the harassment began.
We were
interrogated. Well, no, the big doofus from Villanova was
interrogated. He got all macho and pissed off the instructors and did
a couple of hundred pushups. Because he got his element lost and ate
up so much time, the rest of us didn’t have to put up with much in
the camp. The prisoner stockade was littered with C ration cans and
empty M1 clips. The wise midshipmen picked up as many clips as they
could and put them in their pockets, for later. After they got tired
of giving the Villanova doofus a hard time, they issued us a C ration
but no way to warm it up. I don’t remember it being all that tasty.
Then we got a bus ride back. Those of us in the Brown Element had
some bragging rights because we avoided getting caught by the bad
guys again. Some of the tight-assed mids thought we had cheated but I
put it this way. “If you can beat the instructors you can beat the
enemy.” That notion would be coming up again.
The training
schedule was 6 days so we had Sundays off. We could also go off base
at night. Most nights we were too tired to do anything but walk down
to the Burger Chef and eat. Virginia Beach was just down the road and
on weekends we would catch a bus right by the gate. We could get a
free lunch at the USO, spend a day at the beach, and get back to base
having spent little money but having a good time. There was a really
important rule though. You got in big trouble if you got sunburned at
the beach. The concept of SPF hadn’t been invented yet. Either that
or we didn’t know where such could be bought. So we wore t shirts
most of the time. We would go body surfing or wander up and down the
beach looking at women. And on Monday it was back into training
again.
We went back to
the boat basin where we were taught to drive LCVP landing craft. For
most of us it was pleasant to be around sailors again. You could
easily tell the midshipmen who were taking the Marine Option. They
were seasick. This was one of the best days. Everyone got a turn at
the wheel as we tootled around Chesapeake Bay. No Marines yelling at
us, just patient sailors showing us how to steer an unwieldy
watercraft.
Another day we
went to the obstacle course. There were two at Little Creek. We ran
the easier one. The other was for BUDS trainees, that is, Basic
Underwater Demolition/Seals. This was and is the hardest training in
the Navy. SEALS weren’t yet the darlings of the Navy like they are
now but already had a reputation for being tougher than any other
unit. We walked through the course once and then we had to do it. It
was fun in a slightly post adolescent macho male way. There were
walls to climb over, logs to walk on, ropes to swing on, and more. I
don’t remember his name but the Marine who walked us through was
colorful and funny. He often spoke of what was going to happen in
“our young lives.” I remember one very well. “Sometimes in your
young life you are going to encounter an obstacle and overcome it and
then you will find another obstacle right behind that one.” This
was how he explained the double wall. For months afterward, we would
start a statement with “sometimes in your young life.” He also
told us to keep a low profile when going over a wall lest we get shot
in the ass. Keeping a low profile became another catchphrase.
We went to the
rifle range to learn to shoot the M16. First was a classroom session
with the only senior Marine officer who never served in Vietnam. He
was a goofy beggar who had us giving “tiger growls” whenever he
felt the need to hear one. He and the other Marine instructors
somehow forgot that we were smart and motivated and had already spent
some time in the fleet. They treated us very condescendingly. Out on
the range, most of us shot well. We used the 20 round magazine in
older models, the ones prone to jamming. It’s always fun to shoot,
especially when someone else is paying for the ammunition. Most of us
had a good time except for that tiger growl business.
Another day we
were issued gas masks and taught how to use them. Then we put them on
and went into a room that was filled with CN tear gas. This is the
milder stuff. CS gas is the bad stuff. Having been briefed on what
was going to happen next, I mentally took a range and bearing to the
door. The instructor told us to take off our masks. I took a deep
breath and closed my eyes, pulled off the mask, and started walking
toward the door. I got outside with just a little discomfort. The
guys who breathed in the gas with their eyes open were in much worse
shape. Even though it was the milder CN gas, more than a few ended up
barfing. At Penn State the juniors gave us sophomores a complete
briefing about what we would experience at Little Creek and it was
extremely useful. Apparently they didn’t do that at the other
schools.
Since this was
amphibious warfare training, we had to learn how to invade via
helicopter. Once again we strapped on all our gear and went into the
field. We were taught how to enter a CH-46 Sea Knight, what to do
during the flight, and how to exit into a hot landing zone. After a
couple of rehearsals, we loaded into the chopper and were flown out
to a waiting gator freighter, as Navy amphibious transports are
called. We exited and walked around topside, waited a bit, and
entered the helicopter again. We were flown back to land. As soon as
the ramp dropped we charged out into a circular formation, dropped
and prepared to fire. The big Marine Op from Villanova provided
another bit of comedy to the affair. When his platoon landed on the
amphib, they charged out and set up a perimeter on the flight deck of
the ship. I did not witness this but imagination will fill in the
details of how much he was dressed down for that foolishness. He
managed to piss off the Marines and got yelled at by them. And then
he got yelled at by the Navy flight operations people on the ship.
We were told to
pack up our gear and fall out to board buses again. This time we were
going on a riverine warfare tactical exercise. Again on the city
buses but this time a shorter ride to a facility on the Chowon River
in southeastern-most Virginia. This was hard by the Dismal Swamp. The
site was a lightly forested sandy area right on the sluggishly slow
moving river. Our trainers were members of the 1st
Battalion of the 6th Marine Regiment. They were mostly
Vietnam veterans and they looked upon us as a group sent there for
their entertainment. The opposing forces were BUDS trainees, about
the only guys harder than the Marines. We were taught how to patrol,
how to respond to an ambush, and other useful tactical things.
We were issued
all the blank ammunition we wanted. Those of us who had saved those
old M1 clips to the jeers of others now showed that we actually knew
something. If you had no clips, you had to load your rounds one at a
time. This was not easy in the dark. If you had clips, you loaded 8
rounds at once. You still had to work the action as the blanks didn’t
have enough power to operate the semi-automatic loading feature. But
you could make a lot more noise than the other guys. And you didn’t
have to resort to bang bang like the guys who didn’t take a lot of
blanks. I had dozens of rounds in my pockets and lots of clips in my
ammo belt. I could load them in the dark while walking. So when it
hit the fan, I was ready to do some shooting.
After some
instruction, we were told to dig two man fighting holes. I don’t
know how these things happen to me but there was a real shovel lying
around that I picked up right away. The rest of the mids had to dig
using their helmets. My hole buddy was a guy we called Benny. Between
the two of us, we shortly had a deep hole. The digging was easy
because we figured out which was disturbed sandy earth and which
wasn’t. We dug our hole where others had dug before. In the time
allotted we got our hole deeper than anyone else and I had read
enough about fortifications to know to put in a fire step. We could
stand in our hole and our heads didn’t stick out. When it came time
to shoot, we stood on the fire step and didn’t expose much of our
bodies.
Once we were dug
in, we had to go on a patrol at dusk. My M1 was loaded with 8 rounds,
the safety was off. I didn’t know what else was going to happen
but I knew I was going to do some shooting. We started down a trail
through the piney scrub. Benny was on point, I was right behind him.
Looking ahead, I saw a trip wire. I yelled at Benny so he wouldn’t
step on it. One of the instructors came up and told him to step on
it. The game was rigged. The trip wire set up a flare and the BUDS
trainees opened up on us. We did as instructed, turned toward the
ambush, took three steps, and opened fire. Those poor bastards with
no blanks had to go bang bang. The ones with blanks but no clips
could fire maybe one round every 8 seconds. The guys with clips
(mostly country boys familiar with firearms) were firing as fast as a
bolt action Springfield but with 8 shots in the clip. We got barked
at a lot and at this point I don’t know just what they were trying
to teach us. But it was fun shooting. After that it was full dark and
we went into our fighting holes.
After dark, the
BUDS trainees tried to infiltrate our position. They had M16s with
blank firing adapters so they had more firepower than us. And they
had artillery simulators. These were about the size of a 16 ounce
beer can. They whistled and then exploded making noise but not making
any shrapnel. You weren’t supposed to actually hit people with one.
They would approach, throw some simulators, do some shooting while we
fired back. Then they would retreat. Well, most of them retreated.
One of them went to ground only about 10 feet from our hole. Benny
and I were feeling our oats and when we spotted him, we started
throwing pebbles at him. I suppose we hit him half a dozen times. He
finally crawled back into the night. When the next attack started, he
returned and threw a simulator right into our hole. Once they started
whistling, it took about 5 seconds before the explosion. So Benny and
I had plenty of time to bail out of the hole and hit the deck. Once
it blew we jumped back in and started returning fire. This went on
through the night. We were supposed to be alternating watching and
sleeping but Benny had a bad cough from a cold or flu or pleurisy or
something so I told him I would do most of the watching.
In the morning
they fed us something. It might have been C rations but I really
don’t remember. We were loaded onto an LCVP and went up river. We
charged ashore when the ramp went down and came under fire from a
machine gun nest. Leaving part of the squad to put down fire to keep
the BUDS distracted, I led a fire team in a single envelopment and
got close enough to the nest unnoticed that we could have shot them
with squirt guns. Just as we were about to take them out, we were
called back. This really pissed me off. Applying what we were taught,
we were on the verge of success in taking out the nest, but were not
allowed to do so. From here it turned into a clusterflop. A simulator
exploded in the air and temporarily blinded a mid. The Marine officer
lost control and went into a full bore linear panic, or so it seemed
to me. We were ordered to retreat back to the boats. It was not an
orderly withdrawal and two of the mids were captured by the BUDS. No
attempt was made to rescue them. As we chugged back down the river in
the slow landing craft the BUDS ran circles around us in the MSSC, a
medium SEAL support craft. It was powered by 2 427 cubic inch hemi
engines and was faster than anything Steve McQueen owned, if you know
what I mean. The two captured mids were tied to the mast, stripped to
the waist.
When we got to
the base, the two captives were released but the Marines made them
dig a foxhole for the full size fire truck that was there in case of
brush fire. The rest of us had free time. They told us we could go
swimming but the sight of swimming snakes near the landing craft
suggested that would be a bad thing. So we sat around and waited for
the bus. It was an unsatisfactory experience. There was a debriefing
by the young officer who lost it earlier. When we suggested that he
did badly, he got emotional, barked at us, and made excuses. We lost
a lot of respect for Marines from that operation. Later, we got word
that the group that was supposed to be training us were all busted
and punished for things they did to other groups.
There was one
final evolution in our training there. We were taken by LCVP to the
USS Newport, LST-1179, somewhere out at sea off the Virginia Capes.
We boarded by climbing up the cargo nets. We were berthed in the
Marine compartment in racks stacked 4 high. Sailors were only stacked
3 high. Then we went to the mess decks. Dinner of course was greasy
pork chops, gravy, and mashed potatoes. This was the traditional meal
guaranteed to make Marines seasick. But we weren’t Marines. We were
squids in green suits so we were fine. Later that night, the Newport
unrepped from the USS Antares. Unrep is Navy talk for underway
replenishment. No Navy does this better than the US Navy. Two ships
sailing parallel only a few yards apart, passing cargo from the
stores ship to the warship. The midshipmen were pressed into service
handling the stores as they came aboard. The boxes and crates were
slid down ramps to three decks below. At each deck, each had to be
picked up and carried to the next ramp. There were boxes of lettuce,
frozen beef, canned vegetables, all kinds of foodstuffs. After the
unrep was over, we racked for the night. In the morning we were going
to invade Virginia.
Before we went to
the ship, we were issued one M60 machine gun per platoon. This had a
blank firing adapter. Midshipman Caldwell was our machine gunner. He
took his role seriously, asking to be called Machine Gun Caldwell. He
begged, borrowed, or stole as many belts of ammo as he could find. He
wore a double bandolier over each shoulder. He wore a belt made of
bullets, and he even had a hat band made of 7.62mm rounds. The rest
of us were issued blanks like before and the prudent ones among us
had full clips.
After breakfast,
we assembled on the helicopter deck and waited. Tony Cassano and I
played Gin while the other guys slept or talked. Finally we were
taken down to the well deck and loaded into amphibious tractors,
commonly called amtracs. These were the old ones with the ramp in
front. Someone later figured out that the door in front made it too
easy for the enemy to know where the Marines were coming from. Thus
the new amtracs have the door in the rear, or stern as we would say.
There were benches against the outer bulkhead and we sat there
wearing the big kapok life vests, our rifles between our knees.
The way these
things were launched is that the diesel engine was fired up and the
driver steered the huge boxlike vehicle to a ramp lowered from the
stern of the ship until the amtrac fell off the ramp into the ocean.
The gaskets in the roof hatches leak a bit and salt water came in. I
had the good luck to be in the same amtrac as the aforementioned
Major White. We had hardly gone 50 yards before he was puking in his
helmet. The rest of us chuckled inwardly because we weren’t ashore
yet. Of course, there were nudges and pointing as he ralphed, yakked,
upchucked, and blew chunks. Normally we would be sympathetic to
someone being seasick because some of us had experienced it. But it
was Major White after all and this was all the revenge we were going
to get for those long morning runs in the sand.
There was a
little bit of a lurch when we hit the beach and the amtrac started
moving faster. They are much more agile on land than in the water.
All we had to do was run out when the ramp went down, fire off our
ammo, get on the bus, turn in our gear, dress like sailors again, and
we would be off to Corpus Christi. But the Marine driving our Amtrac
had to get one last shot at the mids. He dropped the ramp right in
front of a large briar patch. We had to run through the tangled
branches before we could start shooting. Machine Gun Caldwell had us
link all his ammo belts together and he held the trigger down and
fired all the rounds without stopping. I am glad I would not be the
one cleaning that weapon later.
And that’s my
21 days as a Marine. By and large, we enjoyed the business. It was
disappointing that so many Marines and BUDS chose to give us a hard
time instead of treating us as eager students and future leaders.
Later, after all the military Mickey Mouse at Corpus, we looked back
on Little Creek with something like fondness. I enjoyed it most when
we were able to beat the system, to fool the instructors, to show
initiative and good problem solving skills.